Geological formation is a branch of geology that focuses on the processes and events that shape the Earth's surface over time. This scientific discipline studies the formation, composition, and structure of rocks, minerals, and other materials that make up the Earth's crust. Geologists in this field examine the various forces, such as tectonic plate movements, volcanic eruptions, erosion, and sedimentation, that contribute to the creation of geological formations such as mountains, valleys, and rock formations. By studying these formations, geologists can gain insights into the Earth's history and better understand the processes that shape our planet.